R中的Lattice条形图

R Programming中的lattice包提供了barchart来绘制条形图。在实际中，R中的Lattice条形图非常适合进行数据可视化比较。例如，如果我们想比较不同地区、类别或产品颜色的销售情况，就可以使用这种条形图。下面我将通过一个示例向您展示如何创建Lattice条形图、格式化条形图颜色等。

R中的Lattice条形图语法

绘制lattice条形图的语法

barchart(x, data,.............)

此条形图背后的复杂语法是

barchart(x, data,
         panel = lattice.getOption("panel.barchart"),
         default.prepanel = lattice.getOption("prepanel.default.barchart"),
         box.ratio = 2,
         ...)

为了演示这一点，我们将使用R提供的barley数据集，该数据集中的数据是

Lattice Bar Chart in R Example 1

在R中创建Lattice条形图

在本例中，我们将展示如何创建Lattice条形图。如果您需要从外部文件导入数据，请参阅R Read CSV文章，了解CSV文件导入涉及的步骤。

# Create Lattice Bar Chart in R Programming

# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Bar Chart
barchart(variety ~ yield,  data = barley)
Lattice Bar Chart in R Example 2

为Lattice条形图指定名称

使用main、xlab和ylab更改R Programming条形的颜色，并为条形图、X轴和Y轴指定名称

# Chaging Colors, Names of a Lattice Bar Chart in R Programming

# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Bar Chart
barchart(variety ~ yield,  data = barley,
         main = "Bar Chart in R EXample",
         xlab = "Yield Value",
         ylab = "Variety",
         col = c("chocolate", "green", "grey", "blue"))
Lattice Bar Chart in R Example 3

Lattice垂直条形图

此示例展示了如何使用horiz参数将水平条形图更改为垂直条形图。

# Vertical Lattice Bar Chart in R Programming

# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Bar Chart
barchart(yield ~ variety,  data = barley,
         main = "Bar Chart in R EXample",
         xlab = "Yield Value",
         ylab = "Variety",
         col = c("chocolate", "green", "grey", "blue"),
         horiz = FALSE)
Lattice Bar Chart in R Example 4

多个Lattice条形图

在本例中，我们将展示如何根据组分割条形图。这里，scales用于将x轴标签旋转45度。

# Multiple Lattice Bar Chart in R Programming

# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Bar Chart
barchart(yield ~ variety | site, data = barley,
         groups = year, main = "Bar Chart in R EXample",
         xlab = "Yield Value",  stack = TRUE,
         auto.key = list(space = "right"),
         scales = list(x = list(rot = 45)))
Lattice Bar Chart in R Example 5

Lattice条形图中的分组

在这里，我们使用groups来对公共数据进行分组。groups – 作为每个面板内分组变量的变量或表达式

# Multiple Lattice Bar Chart in R Programming

# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Bar Chart
barchart(yield ~ variety | site, data = barley,
         groups = year, main = "Bar Chart in R EXample",
         xlab = "Yield Value",  stack = TRUE,
         auto.key = list(space = "right"),
         scales = list(x = list(rot = 45)))
Lattice Bar Chart in R Example 6

R中Lattice条形图的布局

在本例中，我们将展示如何在Lattice条形图中使用布局选项。

  • 布局：通常，Lattice条形图由排列在矩形数组中的多个面板组成。布局决定了这种排列。它是一个长度为2（或3）的数字向量。它表示列数、行数和页数（可选）的向量。
# Importing the lattice library
library(lattice)

# Creating Bar Chart
barchart(yield ~ variety | site, data = barley,
         groups = year, main = "Bar Chart in R EXample",
         ylab = "Yield Value",  stack = TRUE,
         auto.key = list(space = "right"),
         scales = list(x = list(rot = 45)),
         layout = c(1,6))
Lattice Bar Chart in R Example 7